前言
本文详细介绍如何查看接口状态,以及当接口的物理状态处于DOWN状态时,如何定位接口故障的原因,并恢复接口到UP状态。引起接口物理DOWN的原因主要包括硬件故障和软件故障两个方面。硬件故障,包括本端或对端设备的硬件故障,例如单板、接口、光模块、光纤、网线等故障。软件故障,主要是链路两端配置不一致,例如端口协商模式、速率、双工等配置不一致。为了更加精确的分析接口物理DOWN的故障原因,本文以故障可能的引入点为线索,按照人为因素导致的故障、设备自身硬件故障、连接介质故障、连接介质使用方法错误、环境因素导致的故障五步骤为排查顺序,逐步找到问题根因并排除故障。
02
如何查看接口状态
<HUAWEI> display interface briefPHY: Physical //表示接口的物理状态
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
~down: LDT down
#down: LBDT down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(E): E-Trunk down
(b): BFD down
(e): ETHOAM down
(dl): DLDP down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
(ld): LDT block
(lb): LBDT block
(lp): Loop-detect block
(ms): MACsec down
(o): Observe-port forwarding down InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
Ethernet0/0/0 up up 0.01% 0.01% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/0 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/2 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/3 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/4 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/5 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/6 up up 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/7 up up 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/8 up up 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/9 up up 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet1/0/10 down down 0% 0% 0 0
……
<HUAWEI> display interface gigabitethernet 0/0/12
GigabitEthernet0/0/12 current state : Administratively DOWNLine protocol current state : DOWNDescription:
Switch Port, Link-type : access(negotiated),
PVID :1, TPID : 8100(Hex), The Maximum Frame Length is 9216
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 000b-0974-a475
Last physical up time: 2022-06-10 21:09:51
Last physical down time : 2022-06-10 21:10:51
Current system time: 202-06-10 21:15:06
Port Mode: COMMON FIBER
Speed : 1000,Loopback: NONE
Duplex: FULL,Negotiation: ENABLE
Mdi: -,Flow-control: DISABLE
Last 300 seconds input rate 96 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 96 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input peak rate 15184 bits/sec, Record time: 2022-06-10 17:45:05
Output peak rate 15184 bits/sec, Record time: 2022-06-10 17:45:05
Apr 15 2022 03:46:10-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[47]:Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into DOWN state.
Apr 15 2022 03:45:31-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[49]:Interface GigabitEthernet3/0/0 has turned into DOWN state.
03
接口物理DOWN故障的原因以及故障恢复方法
<HUAWEI> display interface gigabitethernet 0/0/12
GigabitEthernet0/0/12 current state : DOWN//接口当前物理状态
Line protocol current state : DOWN
Description:
Switch Port, Link-type : access(negotiated),
PVID :1, TPID : 8100(Hex), The Maximum Frame Length is 9216
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 000b-0974-a475
Last physical up time: 2022-06-10 21:09:51
Last physical down time : 2022-06-10 21:10:51
Current system time: 2022-06-10 21:15:06Port Mode: COMMON FIBER //接口工作模式。COMMON COPPER表示此接口为电接口;
COMMON FIBER表示此接口为光接口
Speed : 1000,Loopback: NONE //接口速率、环回状态,链路两端需要保持一致Duplex: FULL,Negotiation: ENABLE //接口双工模式及自协商状态,链路两端需要保持一致
<HUAWEI> display interface brief
… …
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/3 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/4 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/5 down down 0% 0% 0 0
GigabitEthernet0/0/6 down down 0% 0% 0 0
<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] loopback internal
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] display this interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 current state : UP Line protocol current state : UP … …
Apr 15 2022 03:46:14-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[46]:Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into UP state.
Apr 15 2022 03:46:10-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[47]:Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into DOWN state.
Apr 15 2022 03:45:35-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[48]:Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into UP state.
Apr 15 2022 03:45:31-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[49]:Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into DOWN state.
Apr 15 2022 03:42:10-05:13 dgg62aslhw3i %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[50]:Interface
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 has turned into UP state.
[HUAWEI] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[HUAWEI-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] virtual-cable-test
Warning: The command will stop service for a while, Continue?[Y/N] y
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment..........done.
Pair A length: 1meter(s)
Pair B length: 1meter(s)
Pair C length: 1meter(s)
Pair D length: 1meter(s)
Pair A state: Ok Pair B state: Ok Pair C state: Ok Pair D state: Ok
ENTITYTRAP/3/OPTICALINVALID:OID [oid] Optical Module is invalid.(Index=[INTEGER],
EntityPhysicalIndex=[INTEGER], PhysicalName=\"[OCTET]\", EntityTrapFaultID=[INTEGER])
<HUAWEI> display transceiver interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/3 verbose
… …
Diagnostic information: Temperature (°C) :39
Voltage(V):3.32
Bias Current(mA):6.91 //电流值
Bias High Threshold(mA):33.34
Bias LowThreshold(mA):1.67
Current Rx Power(dBM):-4.59 //接口收光功率
Default Rx Power High Threshold(dBM):0.00
Default Rx Power LowThreshold(dBM):-16.99
Current Tx Power(dBM):-5.10 //接口发光功率
Default Tx Power High Threshold(dBM):0.00
Default Tx Power LowThreshold(dBM):-12.50
User Set Rx Power High Threshold(dBM) :0.00
User Set Rx Power Low Threshold(dBM):-16.99
User Set Tx Power High Threshold(dBM) :0.00
User Set Tx Power Low Threshold(dBM):-12.50
<HUAWEI> display device
S9303‘s Device status: //设备型号,下方回显信息中Type列表示单板名称
Slot Sub Type Online Power Register Status Role
------------------------------------------------------------
1 - LE0MX4UXA Present PowerOn Registered Normal NA2 - LE0MF48TA Present PowerOn Registered Normal NA
3 - LE0MG24SA Present PowerOn Registered Normal NA
4 - LE0DMCUA Present PowerOn Registered Normal Master
PWR1 - - Present PowerOn Registered Abnormal NA
FAN1 - - Present PowerOn Registered Normal NA
<HUAWEI> display transceiver interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 verbose
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 transceiver information:
-------------------------------------------------------------
Common information: Transceiver Type:1000_BASE_SX_SFP //光模块型号
Connector Type:LC
Wavelength(nm):850 //光模块波长
Transfer Distance(m):500(50um),300(62.5um) //光模块传输距离
Digital Diagnostic Monitoring:YES
Vendor Name:HUAWEI
Vendor Part Number:02315204
Ordering Name:
-------------------------------------------------------------
Manufacture information:
Manu. Serial Number:NSK1NNV
Manufacturing Date:2022-06-09
Vendor Name:HUAWEI
-------------------------------------------------------------
<HUAWEI> display interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
GigabitEthernet1/0/1 current state : DOWN
Line protocol current state : DOWN
Description:HUAWEI, Quidway Series, GigabitEthernet1/0/1 Interface
……
Port Mode: COMBO AUTO //Combo口工作模式一般有三种
COMBO AUTO:自动选择接口模式;
FORCE FIBER:强制选择光口模式;
FORCE COPPER:强制选择电口模式。
Current Work Mode: COPPER //当Port Mode显示为COMBO AUTO时,
此处表示当前实际自动选择到的工作模式,
COPPER:电口模式;FIBER:光口模式
Speed : 100, Loopback: NONE
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